اخطاء شائعة في القرامر

# Common Grammar Mistakes
Wrong
The woman which works here is from Japan.
Right
The woman who works here is from Japan.
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Wrong She’s married with a dentist.
Right She’s married to a dentist.
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Wrong She was boring in the class.
Right She was bored in the class.
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Wrong I must to call him  immediately.
Right I must call him immediately.
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Wrong Every students like the teacher.
Right Every student likes the teacher.
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Wrong Although it was raining, but we had the picnic.
Right Although it was raining, we had the picnic.
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Wrong I enjoyed from the movie.
Right I enjoyed the movie.
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Wrong I look forward to meet you.
Right I look forward to meeting you.
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Wrong I like very much ice cream.
Right I like ice cream very much.
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Wrong She can to drive.
Right She can drive.
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Wrong Where I can find a bank?
Right Where can I find a bank?
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Wrong I live in United States.
Right I live in the United States.
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Wrong When I will arrive, I will call you.
Right When I arrive, I will call you.
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Wrong I’ve been here since three months.
Right I’ve been here for three months.
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Wrong My boyfriend has got a new work.
Right My boyfriend has got a new job. (or just "has a new job")
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Wrong She doesn’t listen me.
Right She doesn’t listen to me.
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Wrong You speak English good.
Right You speak English well.
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Wrong The police is coming.
Right The police are coming.
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Wrong The house isn’t enough big.
Right The house isn’t big enough.
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Wrong You should not to smoke.
Right You should not smoke.
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Wrong Do you like a glass of wine?
Right Would you like a glass of wine?
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Wrong There is seven girls in the class.
Right There are seven girls in the class.
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Wrong I didn’t meet nobody.
Right I didn’t meet anybody.
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Wrong My flight departs in 5:00 am.
Right My flight departs at 5:00 am.
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Wrong I promise I call you next week.
Right I promise I’ll call you next week.
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Wrong Where is post office?
Right Where is the post office?
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Wrong Please explain me how improve my English.
Right Please explain to me how to improve my English.
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Wrong We studied during four hours.
Right We studied for four hours.
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Wrong Is ready my passport?
Right Is my passport ready?
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Wrong You cannot buy all what you like!
Right You cannot buy all that you like!
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Wrong She is success.
Right She is successful.
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Wrong My mother wanted that I be doctor.
Right My mother wanted me to be a doctor.
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Wrong The life is hard!
Right Life is hard.
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Wrong How many childrens you have?
Right How many children do you have?
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Wrong My brother has 10 years.
Right My brother is 10 (years old).
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Wrong I want eat now.
Right I want to eat now.
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Wrong You are very nice, as your mother.
Right You are very nice, like your mother.
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Wrong She said me that she liked you.
Right She told me that she liked you.
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Wrong My husband engineer.
Right My husband is an engineer.
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Wrong I came Australia to study English.
Right I came to Australia to study English.
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Wrong It is more hot now.
Right It’s hotter now.
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Wrong You can give me an information?
Right Can you give me some information?
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Wrong They cooked the dinner themself.
Right They cooked the dinner themselves.
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Wrong Me and Johnny live here.
Right Johnny and I live here.
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Wrong I closed very quietly the door.
Right I closed the door very quietly.
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Wrong You like dance with me?
Right Would you like to dance with me?
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Wrong I go always to school by subway.
Right I always go to school by subway.
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Wrong If I will be in London, I will contact to you.
Right If I am in London, I will contact you.
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Wrong We drive usually to home.
Right We usually drive home.
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Common  confusion
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1. Noun/verb confusion
‎الخلط في استخدام الفعل مكان الاسم والعكس
Many nouns end in الاسماء تنتهي ب
'tion' or 'cion', 'ment' or 'ing

X The group were able to identity the most serious academic problem
‎الصواب : identify

X At present, there is a lot of compete for good jobs
competition الصواب

‎افعال واسماء يجب الانتباه لها حيث الاختلاف البسيط :
  Noun Verb
  Analysis Analyse
    Breath Breathe
  Choice Choose
    Complaint Complain
    Entry Enter
  Relaxation Relax
  Service Serve
  Success Succeed
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2 . Noun/adjective confusion
‎استخدام الصفات والاسماء:
‎.في الجمله الصفة مباشره بعد الاسماء او العبارة

X As the members were aged from 15 to 55, it was a difficulty task to design a game to suit everyone
‎الصواب استخدم اسم , difficult)

X The company demonstrated a great deal of successful in developing client relationships
‎(الصواب استخدم اسم, success)

X The important of the case was emphasised
‎الصواب استخدم اسم, importance)
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3. Adjective/adverb confusion
‎ استخدام الظروف والصفات
‎الصفات تشرح الاسم او الضمير والظرف الباقي
 X A good business person should be proactively
‎ : الصواب استخدم صفه, proactive

X She ready agreed to give her presentation
‎: الصواب استخدم ظرف, readily.)
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Nouns Common Errors
‎ الاسماء التي لاتجمع
Incorrect:
 I would like to buy some furnitures.
Correct:
I would like to buy some furniture.اثاث
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Incorrect:
Have you got any informations?تعليمات
Correct:
Have you got any information?
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Incorrect:
Have you packed your luggages?العفش
Correct:
Have you packed your luggage?
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Incorrect:
Is there any breads?الخبز
Correct:
Is there any bread? OR
Are there any loaves?
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Explanation: Nouns like scenery,
‎مثل : furniture, news, information, luggage and bread are always used in the singular. مفردة وليس لها شكل الجمع
They do not have a plural form.
‎ونستخدم معها ضمير الاشارة المفرد
Incorrect:
He told these news to me.
Correct:
He told me this news.
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Incorrect:
The government should pay attention to the problems of the poors.
Correct:
The government should pay attention to the problems of the poor.
‎الفقراء والعميان والعاطلين والموتى لانضع لهمsالجمع
Incorrect:
He provided the blinds with food.
Correct:
He provided the blind with food.
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Adjectives Common Errors
‎ استخدام الصفات تكتب ككلمه واحده بدون فصل
Incorrect:
Every one knows this.
Correct:
Everyone knows this.
‎لانستخدم the قبل both
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Incorrect:
He held the bag in the both hands.
Correct:
He held the bag in both hands.
Correct:
He held the bag in both his hands.
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Incorrect:
Everybody should do some or other work.
Correct:
Everybody should do some work or other.
‎نستخدم المفرد بعدother
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Incorrect:
Iron is more useful than any other metals.
Correct:
Iron is more useful than any other metal.
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Incorrect:
Winston Churchill is greater than any other British politicians.
Correct:
Winston Churchill is greater than any other British politician.
‎ارقام الملوك يجب ان تكتب بالارقام الرومانية
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Incorrect:
He came a 3rd time.
Correct:
He came a third time.
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Incorrect:
He is in class eighth.
Correct:
He is in class eight.
Correct:
He is in the eighth class.
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Incorrect:
He opened the book at six page.
Correct:
He opened the book at page six.
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Incorrect:
This is a portrait of King George the sixth.
Correct:
This is a portrait of King George VI.
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18th October 2003 (NOT Eighteenth October 2003)
This is the fifth time you have asked the same question. (NOT This is the 5th time …)
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Dates should be written as follows: July 7th or 7th July. (NOT 7th of July or seventh of July)
Cardinal numbers up to twelve should be written in words except when telling the time.
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Examples
He came at 10 am.
(NOT He came at ten am.)
She has seven siblings.
(NOT She has 7 siblings.)
Cardinal and ordinal numbers above twelve and twelfth may be written in either words or figures.
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Incorrect:
He is worst than you.
Correct:
He is worse than you.
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Incorrect:
Mumbai is hot than Delhi.
Correct:
Mumbai is hotter than Delhi.
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Explanation
Only an adjective or adverb in the comparative degree can be used before than.
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Incorrect:
A horse is usefuller than a car.
Correct:
A horse is more useful than a car.
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Adjectives and adverbs having more than one syllable form their comparative and superlative forms by the addition of more and most.

Incorrect:
In our school the number of students is less.
Correct:
In our school the number of students is small.
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Explanation
Less is the comparative of little. Comparative forms are not used in sentences where no comparison is implied. But is the sentence ‘In our school the number of students is little’ correct? No. The adjective little can be used only in the attributive position (before a noun). In the predicative position (after a verb like is) we have to use a word with a similar meaning.
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Incorrect:
From the two she is pretty.
Correct:
She is the prettier of the two.
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Incorrect:
Of the two routes this is the short.
Correct:
Of the two routes this is the shorter.
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Explanation
When a comparison is made between two people or things we use a structure with of, not from. Note that we use an adjective or adverb in the comparative form to compare two people or things.
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Incorrect:
From the three he is the smarter.
Correct:
He is the smartest of the three.
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Explanation
To compare more than two people or things we use an adjective or adverb in the superlative degree.
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Incorrect:
There is a best student in that class.
Correct:
There is a very good student in that class.
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Explanation
It is wrong to use comparative and superlative forms when no comparison is implied.
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Compare:
Charles is the smartest boy in the class. (Here Charles is being compared with other boys in the class. Therefore, we use a superlative adjective.)
He is the smarter of the two brothers. (Here a comparison is made between two people. Therefore we use a comparative adjective.)
He is a smart boy. OR
He is very smart. (Here no comparison is implied. Therefore we use a positive adjective.)
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Incorrect:
I have never seen a so good boy.
Correct:
I have never seen such a good boy.
Correct:
I have never seen so good a boy.
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Incorrect:
He was a so big man that he could not sit in that chair.
Correct:
He was so big a man that he could not sit in that chair.
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Explanation
So is very often used in the rather formal structure so + adjective + a/an + singular countable noun. Note that it is wrong to put the article before so in this structure.
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Incorrect:
Yours affectionate brother
Correct:
Your affectionate brother
Correct:
Yours affectionately
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Incorrect:
Your lovely friend
Correct:
Your loving friend
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Lovely doesn’t mean the same as loving.
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Verbs Common Errors
‎الخطأ في استخدام الافعال
Incorrect:
He is taking his food.
Correct:
He is having his food.
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‘Taking his food‘ is not wrong, but native English speakers rarely use this expression.
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Incorrect:
I take your leave.
Correct:
I must say goodbye.
‘I take your leave’ is not wrong, but it is extremely formal.
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Incorrect:
He knows to swim.
Correct:
He knows how to swim.
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Incorrect:
Do you know to cook?
Correct:
Do you know how to cook?
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Know cannot be followed directly by an infinitive. We use the structure ‘know how to’.
Incorrect:
Students should not cut jokes in class.
Correct:
Students should not make jokes in class.
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Incorrect:
He cut his pencil.
Correct:
He sharpened his pencil.
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Incorrect:
Should I cut this word?
Correct:
Should I erase this word?
Correct:
Should I scratch out this word?
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Incorrect:
The prisoner’s head was cut.
Correct:
The prisoner’s head was cut off.
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When the cutting divides what is cut into pieces, use cut off, cut up and cut into.
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Incorrect:
My back is paining.
Correct:
I have a pain in my back.
Correct:
My back is hurting.
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Incorrect
My tooth is paining.
Correct:
My tooth is aching.
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Pain is a transitive verb. It must have an expressed object. When there is no object, use other words like ache or hurt.
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Adverbs Common Mistakes
‎الخطأ في استخدام الظروف
Correct the following sentences and state your reason for doing so.
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1.    It was bitter cold .
1.    It was bitterly cold.
(Wrong use of adjective in place of adverb)
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2.    I couldn’t help not overhearing their conversation.
2.    I couldn’t help overhearing their conversation. (Double negative)
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3.    I never remember having seen a more interesting film.
 (Wrong use of ever and never)
3.    I ever remember having seen a more interesting film.
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4.     The story was very interesting. (Too means ‘more than enough’. It should not be used in the sense of very or much.)
4.    The story was too interesting.
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5.    She hasn’t got any children. OR She has got no children.
(Double negative)
5.    She hasn’t got no children.
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6.    This hard won liberty cannot be lightly abandoned.
 (hardly confused with hard)
6.    This hardly won liberty cannot be lightly abandoned.
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7.    I am very happy to see you. (Happy is an adjective. Much cannot be used with adjectives.)
7.    I am much happy to see you.
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8.    No one writes as neatly as he does. (Wrong use of adjective in place of adverb)
8.    No one writes as neat as he does.
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9.    I cannot by any means allow you to do so. OR I can by no means allow you to do so. (Double negative)
9.    I cannot by no means allow you to do so.
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10.    She sang sweetly. (Wrong use of adjective in place of adverb)
10.    She sang sweet.
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11.    I felt very lonely. (Wrong use of so instead of very)
11.    I felt so lonely.
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12.    I don’t know anything about the matter. OR I know nothing about the matter. (Double negative)
12.    I don’t know nothing about the matter.
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  Verbs and Adverbs Common Errors
‎الخطأ في استخدام الافعال والظروف
Incorrect:
Just I had finished the lesson.
Correct:
I had just finished the lesson.
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Explanation
The adverb just goes between the auxiliary verb and the main verb.
When there are two auxiliary verbs, just goes after the first.
He has just been promoted.
Incorrect: He plays good.
Correct: He plays well.
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Explanation
Adjectives are used to modify nouns and adverbs are used to modify verbs. Good is an adjective. The adverb for this meaning is well.
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She is a good girl.
(Here the adjective good modifies the noun girl.)
She studies well.
(Here the adverb well modifies the verb studies.)
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He is a good player.
He plays well.
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He Incorrect:
Never I have seen such a mess.
Correct:
 Never have I seen such a mess.
Correct:
I have never seen such a mess.
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Incorrect:
Hardly I have had any rest since morning.
Correct:
 Hardly have I had any rest since morning.
Correct:
I have hardly had any rest since morning.
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Explanation
We use inverted word order
(verb before the subject) in sentences beginning with a negative word such as hardly, never, seldom etc.
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Incorrect:
Really speaking the movie isn’t very good.
Correct:
 In truth the movie isn’t very good.
OR As a matter of fact, the movie isn’t very good.
OR In fact, the movie isn’t very good. OR To speak the truth, the movie isn’t very good.
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Incorrect:
It is a very good novel; I liked it on the whole.
Correct:
It is a very good novel; I liked the whole of it.
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Explanation
Use ‘on the whole’ to sum up your opinion of something which is good and bad in parts.
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Compare:
The script of the film was excellent but the photography was bad. On the whole I enjoyed it.
(The film was good and bad in parts, but on the whole I enjoyed it.)
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The photography of the film was excellent, so was the script.
I enjoyed the whole of it.
(The film was good in every aspect, so I enjoyed the whole of it.)
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Incorrect:
She was deadly injured in the accident.
Correct:
She was fatally injured in the accident.
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Explanation:
Deadly is an adjective. It is used to modify nouns. The adverb for this meaning is fatally.
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Incorrect:
I haven’t been to the theater much late.
Correct:
I haven’t been to the theater much lately.
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Explanation:
Late means after an expected or arranged time.
We are already late.
Lately means recently.
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Pronouns Common Errors
‎الخطأ في استخدام النطق او اللفظ
Incorrect:
Each of these girls sing well.
Correct:
Each of these girls sings well.
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Incorrect:
None of my student attended the class today.
Correct:
None of my students attended the class today.
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Incorrect:
One of my servant has gone on leave.
Correct:
One of my servants has gone on leave.
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Incorrect:
 Some of my servants has gone on leave.
Correct:
Some of my servants have gone on leave.
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Explanation:
The noun following one of, none of, some of and similar expressions must be plural in number, but the verb agrees in number with the subject of the sentence. In the sentence ‘Each of these girls sings well’, the real subject is each which is a singular word.
It should therefore be followed by a singular verb.

Other singular words which often cause confusion are: every, either, neither, none, much and person.
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Incorrect:
Some of my friends has decided to go on a picnic.
Correct:
Some of my friends have decided to go on a picnic.
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Explanation:
Some is a plural word. It must be followed by a plural verb.
Incorrect:
Both did not come.
Correct:
Neither came.
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Explanation:
The expression both…not is not correct in standard English. Instead, we use neither.
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Incorrect:
One should respect his parents.
Correct:
One should respect one’s parents.
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Explanation:
One, if used in a sentence, should be used throughout.
More examples are given below:
One should take care of one’s health.
One should love one’s country.
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Incorrect:
 One should work hard.
Correct:
A man/woman/boy/girl should work hard.
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The sentence ‘One should work hard’, is not wrong but in standard English the use of one as subject should be avoided when possible.
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Incorrect:
Here is the bottle: please fill.
Correct:
Here is the bottle: please fill it.

Incorrect:
Have you a pen? I have not got.
Correct:
 Have you a pen? I have not got one.
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Incorrect:
He enjoyed at the party.
Correct:
He enjoyed himself at the party.
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Explanation:
The verbs fill, enjoy and got are transitive. All transitive verbs must have an expressed object.
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Incorrect:
I asked for his bicycle but he didn’t lend me.
Correct:
I asked for his bicycle but he didn’t lend it to me.
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Incorrect:
Please give your book.
Correct:
Please give me/him/her/them your book.
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Explanation:
Some transitive verbs like give and lend must have two expressed objects.
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Miscellaneous Common Errors
‎اخطاء شائعة منوعة
Incorrect:
My hairs are grey.
Correct:
My hair is grey.
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Hair is an uncountable noun in English and as such it does not have a plural form.
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Incorrect:
I availed of this opportunity.
Correct:
I availed myself of this opportunity.
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Incorrect:
I enjoyed during the holidays.
Correct:
 I enjoyed myself during the holidays.
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To talk about having a good time, we use enjoy yourself, enjoy myself etc.
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Incorrect:
He is guilty, isn’t it?
Correct:
He is guilty, isn’t he?
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Incorrect:
The gold is a precious metal.
Correct:
Gold is a precious metal.
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Material nouns are used without articles.
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Incorrect:
It is raining for four hours.
Correct:
It has been raining for four hours.
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To talk about an event that started in the past and has been continuing up to the present, we use a present perfect continuous tense.
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Incorrect:
Work hard lest you may fail.
Correct:
Work hard lest you should fail.
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The only auxiliary verb that can be used after lest is should.
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Incorrect:
Please describe us your wife.
Correct:
Please describe your wife to us.
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Incorrect:
Could you suggest me a good dentist?
Correct:
Could you suggest a good dentist to me?
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The verbs explain, suggest and describe cannot be used with the structure indirect object + direct object.
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Incorrect:
He is cleverest of the four brothers.
Correct:
He is the cleverest of the four brothers.
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We use the article the with superlative adjectives.
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Incorrect:
Choose the best of the two options.
Correct:
Choose the better of the two options.
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When a group has just two members, we use the comparative instead of the superlative.
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Prepositions Common Errors
‎الخطأ في استخدام حروف الجر
Some verbs are directly followed by direct objects without prepositions. Examples are: discuss, enter, marry, lack, resemble and approach.
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Incorrect:
My father loves with me.
Correct:
My father loves me.
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Incorrect:
We reached at the airport.
Correct:
We reached the airport.
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Incorrect:
 He ordered for my dismissal.
Correct:
 He ordered my dismissal.
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Incorrect:
John married with his cousin.
Correct:
John married his cousin.
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Incorrect:
 Jane entered into the room.
Correct:
Jane entered the room.
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Prepositions are not used in expressions of time beginning next, last, this, one, each, every, some, any and all.
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Incorrect:
 See you on next Monday.
Correct:
See you next Monday.
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Incorrect:
I will be rich on someday.
Correct:
I will be rich someday.
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Incorrect:
We met on one Friday in February.
Correct:
We met one Friday in February.
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Prepositions are not used directly before the conjunction that.
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Incorrect:
I knew about that she had decided to quit.
Correct:
 I knew that she had decided to quit.
OR I knew about her decision to quit.
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Incorrect:
I had no idea of that she had problems.
Correct:
I had no idea that she had problems.
OR I had no idea of her problems.
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Prepositions are not normally used before infinitives in English.
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Incorrect:
I am thinking of to write a novel.
Correct:
 I am thinking of writing a novel.
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Incorrect:
 I don’t like the idea of to get old.
Correct:
I don’t like the idea of getting old.
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Incorrect:
 She is very good at to cook.
Correct:
She is very good at cooking.
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Gerunds Common mistakes
‎اخطاء في استخدام الجيرند الاسم المشتق
Incorrect:
They insisted on me resigning the post.
Correct:
They insisted on my resigning the post.
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Incorrect:
They objected to John playing for the team.
Correct:
They objected to John’s playing for the team.
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A noun or pronoun used with a gerund should be in the possessive case.
Incorrect: There is no danger of the roof’s crashing.
Correct: There is no danger of the roof crashing.
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The possessive case should not be used with the gerund when the noun denotes a lifeless thing.
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Incorrect:
 I am thinking to write my autobiography.
Correct:
I am thinking of writing my autobiography.
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Incorrect:
The clever girl was confident to win the gold medal.
Correct:
The clever girl was confident of winning the gold medal.
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Incorrect:
I am hopeful to secure a loan to build my house.
Correct:
I am hopeful of securing a loan to build my house.
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After certain verbs and adjectives a preposition + gerund is used instead of an adjective.
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Incorrect:
To die with honor is better than live with dishonor.
Correct:
To die with honor is better than to live with dishonor.
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Incorrect:
To attack is better than wait indefinitely.
Correct:
 To attack is better than to wait indefinitely.
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In structures like this, the infinitive should be used in both clauses.
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 Punctuation Marks Common mistakes
‎الخطأ في استخدام علامات الترقيم
English makes liberal use of punctuation marks.
In fact, written English would hardly make sense if no punctuation marks were used.
Here are some common mistakes in the use of punctuation marks.
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A sentence must end with a full stop, a question mark or an exclamation mark.
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She is a lovely girl.
Is that your sister?
How sweet!
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A new sentence that follows a question mark, a full stop or an exclamation mark has a capital letter.
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Incorrect:
 I looked out of the window. it was raining again.
Correct:
I looked out of the window. It was raining again.
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The punctuation mark should come immediately after the last letter of the word followed by a space.
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Incorrect:
He is tall,dark and handsome.
Correct:
He is tall, dark and handsome.
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When you list items separate them with a comma.
A comma is not usually used with and between the last two items unless these are long.
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I went to Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia and Hong Kong. (GB)
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In American English, a comma can be used between the last two items.
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I went to Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, and Hong Kong. (US)
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We do not put full stops, question marks or interrogation marks before or after grammatically incomplete sentences.
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Incorrect:
I helped him. Because I liked him.
Correct:
I helped him because I liked him.
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Articles Common Errors
‎الخطأ في استخدام الادوات
Incorrect:
 We live in village.
Correct:
We live in a village.
OR We live in the village.
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Incorrect:
 She works in pub.
Correct:
She works in a pub.
OR She works in the pub.
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A singular common noun (e.g. boy, girl, tree, country, teacher, village etc.) must have an article. A plural common noun can be used with or without an article.
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Incorrect:
He is best player in the team.
Correct:
He is the best player in the team.
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Incorrect:
 She is fastest runner.
Correct:
 She is the fastest runner.
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The definite article the must be used with superlative adjectives.
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Incorrect:
The Paris is big city.
Correct:
Paris is a big city.
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Incorrect:
 I live in the Mumbai.
Correct:
 I live in Mumbai.
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If the noun is proper it will take no article. Note that a proper noun is the name of a particular person, place or thing. Examples are: Sam, Mary, India, Paris, London etc.
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Incorrect:
 The iron is a useful metal.
Correct:
Iron is a useful metal.
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Incorrect:
 The gold is yellow.
Correct:
Gold is yellow.
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Articles are not used with material nouns. Examples are:
gold, silver, iron, wheat, rice etc.
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Incorrect:
We should not make noise.
Correct:
We should not make a noise.
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Incorrect:
I have an urgent business.
Correct:
 I have urgent business.
OR I have some urgent business.
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Note these fixed expressions.
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Incorrect:
Do you sell eggs by kilo or by dozen?
Correct:
Do you sell eggs by the kilo or by the dozen?
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The is used in measuring expressions beginning with by.
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Tenses Some Mistakes
‎الخطأ في استخدام الازمنة
In this article we will take a look at some of the most common mistakes in the use of tenses.
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Incorrect:
 I have seen him yesterday.
Incorrect:
I had seen him yesterday.
Correct:
 I saw him yesterday.
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Explanation
The present perfect tense is not used with adverbs of past time. Although past perfect tense can be used with adverbs of past time, it is not used to simply say that something happened some time ago. That meaning is expressed with the simple past tense.
I sent the money yesterday.
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(NOT I had sent the money yesterday. / NOT I have sent the money yesterday.)
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I finished that report last week.
(NOT I had finished that report last week.
NOT I have finished that report last week.)
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I visited my parents last week.
(NOT I had visited my parents last week. /
NOT I have visited my parents last week.)
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The past perfect tense is only used to talk about the earlier of two past actions.
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Using would:
Would is used in second conditional sentences to talk about unreal or imaginary situations.
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Compare:
I would want to buy a car if I got my raise.
(Here we are talking about an unreal situation.)
I want to buy a car.
(Here we are simply talking about a desire.)
I would want to try those sweets if they weren’t so expensive.
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Sentences like ‘I would want to buy a car’ are not normally used without a condition.